TABLE OF CONTENTS
Summary
Introduction
Methods
Results
THP cell lines
3T3 cell lines
B16 cell lines
Rafi cell lines
Discussion and frequency model
Discussion, Part 1
THP cell lines
3T3 cell lines
B16 cell lines
Rafi cell lines
Reproducibility
The cooperativity effect
of the frequencies
Prototype and series instrument
of F-SCAN 2
Regarding the signal characteristics
of the individual frequencies
Discussion, Part 2
Are the described EMF effects
due to mutations?
Model for the cellular effects
by EMF treatment
Appendix
Literature
Abbreviations
Author
Low-energy electromagnetic frequencies induce
conspicuous, reproducible, and lasting effects in human
and animal cells
SUMMARY
Electromagnetic frequencies (EMF) are information: this hypothesis has been tested by experiments with cell cultures. Mammalian cells were treated with seven to eight EMF at low energy. THP-1, 3T3-L1, and B16-F1 cell lines as well as a primary culture of rat fibroblast cells were used for these experiments. Seven to eight EMF were applied electrically for three minutes per frequency, thirty times or more over a period of two months. This procedure led to lasting changes in the cells without damaging them. The induced properties were specific to the cell lines: After treatment, the THP cells grew better in a medium containing newborn bovine serum (NBS), and the 3T3 cells grew to two-fold higher cell density. The changes were stable and usually measurable over a period of four years. The new cell properties were adaptive to different growth conditions. On the basis of these results, a model for the mode of action of the EMF was developed: The information of the frequencies provides a regulation system for the cooperative activity of the gene products. This regulation system is not dependent on the genetic system. The model is discussed in some details in the final section.